How does measurements work in lte

Using LTE architecture has two colour nodes. Overview of the LTE architecture which is shaded yellow boxes depicts the logical nodes, white boxes depict the functional entities of the C-plane and blue boxes depict the functional U-plane Figure 1.

Measurement is the first step of network planning. Measurement provides the first appraisal of the elements count in network and capacity of those elements. The main purpose of measurement is to appraisal the number of radio stations that are required to support a specified traffic load in an area. Calculate the radio link budget is a first step for initial measurement of the LTE network. Outcome depends on the propagation model used that includes the required number of eNBs Enhanced Node B.

Follow the above procedure for computing capacity is. The first step of measurement of the LTE network is data analysis. It gather the input data and analysis them. The second step of measurement of the LTE network is traffic analysis. This step use for analyze the network traffic for choose the best solution. There are three types of traffic: VoIP, streaming and browsing.

The third step is one of the important steps in the design of LTE network. Radio Link Budget is at the core of coverage scheme the will discuss in next. Also, coverage scheme use for the path loss testing. Coverage scheme test the range of cell that and calculate the number of the sites for coverage. With calculate of the size of the cell and number of the site count, confirmation of coverage results use for the capacity.

This distribution is obtained by carrying out system level simulations. Transport scaling is measurement of interfaces between different elements of network. S1 and S2 are the two interfaces to be calculated between two enhanced node and access gateway.

As the name implies, a link budget is an accounting of all the gains and losses in a transmission system. The link budget looks at the elements that will determine the signal strength arriving at the receiver. The link budget may include the following items: Transmitter power, Antenna gains receiver and transmitter , Antenna feeder losses receiver and transmitter , Path losses, Receiver sensitivity although this is not part of the actual link budget, it is necessary to know this to enable any pass fail criteria to be applied.

In telecommunication, free-space loss FSL is the loss in signal strength of an electromagnetic wave that. Three reporting criteria are used: event triggered reporting, periodic reporting and event triggered periodic reporting. Reference symbol received power RSRP. Intra-frequency neighbour cell measurements are performed by the UE when the current and target cell operates on the same carrier frequency. The UE should be able to carry out such measurements without measurement gaps.

See below some intra frequency scenarios without measurement gaps. Inter-frequency neighbour cell measurements are performed by the UE are when the neighbour cell operates on a different carrier frequency, compared to the current cell. The UE should not be assumed to be able to carry out such measurements without measurement gaps.

See below some inter frequency scenarios with measurement gaps. Measurement gaps patterns are configured and activated by RRC. Fo Intra-frequency neighbouring cells, there is no need to indicate neighbouring cell in the serving cell system information to enable the UE to search and measure a cell i.

Where as for the search and measurement of inter-frequency neighbouring cells, only the carrier frequencies need to be indicated. For a UE to search and measure neighbouring UTRAN cells, the serving cell indicates a list of carrier frequencies and scrambling codes. RSRP — the average power received from a single Reference signal, and Its typical range is around dbm good to dbm bad ;.

RSRQ — indicates quality of the received signal, and its range is typically RSSI — represents the entire received power including the wanted power from the serving cell as well as all co-channel power and other sources of noise and it is related to the above parameters through the following formula:. All rights reserved. Huawei Enterprise Support Community. User Guide New to the community? Find out how to get started! You may notice Ms Measurement result of serving and Mn for neighbour.

Offset was described above. UE performs measurements within the allowed measurement bandwidth allowedMeasBandwidth IE under measObject IE , which is different from system bandwidth or transmission bandwidth. It is allowed to be chosen from mbw6 through mbw within the system bandwidth. This is also can be found as measurement bandwidth for reelection and handover between different frequency carriers in TS Here is how TS UE internal layer 1 filtering at point A is actually implementation dependent and not constrained by the standard.

What kind of parameter is delivered to layer 3 filtering from RRC is as follows. This value is applied to layer 3 filtering, which is the function below. As you can see, this is moving average function, which makes the output smooth.